Description:

The chmod command never changes the permissions of symbolic links, since the chmod system calf cannot change their permissions. However, for each symbolic link listed on the command line, chmod changes the permissions of the pointed-to file. If used, MODE specifies the new permissions.

Options:

Description:

The chown command changes the user and/or group ownership of each given FILE to NEW- OWNER or to the user and group of an existing reference file.

If used, NEW-OWNER specifies the new owner and/or group as follows:

[OWNER] [[:.] [GROUP]]

Specifically:

OWNER

If only an OWNER (a user name or numeric user id) is given, that user is made the owner of each given file, and the files' group is not changed.

OWNER'.'GROUP

OWNER':'GROUP

If the OWNER is followed by a colon or dot and a GROUP (a group name or numeric group id), with no spaces between them, the group ownership of the files is changed as well (to GROUP).

OWNER'.'

OWNER':'

If a colon or dot but no group name follows OWNER, that user is made the owner of the files and the group of the files is changed to OWNER'S login group.

'.'GROUP

'.'GROUP

If the colon or dot and following GROUP are given, but the owner is omitted, only the group of the files is changed; in this case, chown performs the same function as chgrp .

Options:

Description:

The chgrp command changes the group ownership of each given FILE to GROUP (which can be either a group name or a numeric group id) or to the group of an existing reference file.

Options: